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SYMPTOM PROBLEM CAUSE Treatment Solution
Soap scum; white deposits in pipes, water heater, kettles
Hard Water
Calcium and magnesium in water Cation-exchange water softener
Abrasive water, residual grit left in sink
Grittiness
Fine sand or silt Activated carbon filter, chlorination
Fishy, musty or earthy smell

Odor

Organic matter, algae Activated carbon filter, chlorination
Chlorine smell Chlorination in public or private well Activated carbon filter on shor
Rotten egg, sulfurous smell Dissolved hydrogen sulfide Greensand filter
Sulfur or iron bacteria Sulfur start filter
Gasoline smell Leaking underground storage tanks; fuel spills on surface Activated carbon filter on short-term basis; seek new water supply
Chemical odor Industrial wastes Activated carbon filter on short-term basis; seek new water supply
Green stains on sinks; blue-green cast to water
Acid Water
Acid or carbon dioxide in water reacting with copper pipes Install pH neutralizer or filter; make well deeper
Salty or brackish flavor
Taste
High chloride or magnesium content Reverse osmosis; distillation; water softener
Metallic taste Low pH or high metal concentration in water pH neutralizer; filters
Yellowish cast to water; Yellow stains on washable clothes and bathroom fixtures
Yellow Water
Tannins created from water passing through decaying vegetation Anion-exchange water softener; activated carbon filter
Brown-red stains on fixtures, dishes and laundry; water turns red when heated, darkens coffee, tea and other beverages
Red Water,
Iron Water
Dissolved iron; water appears clear when first drawn at faucet Water softener; iron filter
Reddish colored water with particles settling to bottom of a glass Precipitated iron; water not clear when first drawn at faucet Greensand filter; water softener
Brownish cast to water, no settling of particles; slime in toilet Iron bacteria Disinfect well and plumbing with bleach
Black stains on fixtures and laundry
Black Water
Interaction of carbon dioxide or organic matter with manganese
Conditioner